Spelling Rules Ed

Spelling Rules for Adding "ed"

For the most REGULAR verbs you only add ED to the verb to form the past and the past participle. But some verbs change their spelling when "ed" is added to them.Verbs ending with
"consonant-vowel-consonant"

When a verb ends with a consonant-vowel-consonant, and we put STRESS on this sound in speech, we double the last consonant. Then we add ed.

In thefollowing examples the consonant is in blue, the vowel is in green, and ed is in red. The STRESS is underlined.

|stop |=> |stopp + ed |=>|stopped |
|plan |=> |plann + ed |=> |planned |

But if we don't put STRESS on thissound in speech, then we simply add ed.

|open |=> |open + ed |=> |opened |
|visit |=>|visit + ed |=> |visited |
|listen |=> |listen + ed |=> |listened|
|happen |=> |happen + ed |=> |happened |


Verbs ending with "e"

When a verb ends with the letter e, we addonly the letter d.

In the following examples the letter e is in purple, and the letter d is in red.

|dance |=> |dance + d |=>|danced |
|smile |=> |smile + d |=> |smiled |


Verbs Ending with "y"

When a verb ends withthe letter y, and there is a consonant before it, the y changes into i. Then we add ed.

In the following examples the consonant is in blue, the part before ed is in green, and ed is in red....