Competitividad en el peru

Competitiveness: A New Economic Strategy for Peru
Professor Michael E. Porter Harvard Business School Lima, Peru November 30, 2009
This presentation draws on ideas from Professor Porter’s books and articles, in particular, Competitive Strategy (The Free Press, 1980); Competitive Advantage (The Free Press, 1985); “What is Strategy?” (Harvard Business Review, Nov/Dec 1996); “Strategy and theInternet” (Harvard Business Review, March 2001); and a forthcoming book. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise—without the permission of Michael E. Porter. Additional information may be found at the website of the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness,www.isc.hbs.edu. Version: November 27, 2009
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20091130 – Peru.ppt

Copyright 2009 © Professor Michael E. Porter

Prosperity Performance
PPP-adjusted GDP per Capita, 2008 ($USD) $30,000

Selected Lower and Middle Income Countries
UAE Greece ($30,650) Israel Slovenia

New Zealand

$25,000
Bahrain

South Korea Cyprus Oman Saudi Arabia Portugal Hungary

Czech Republic

LatinAmerican countries Other countries Slovakia

Estonia

$20,000

Libya

Trinidad & Tobago Poland Croatia Panama

Lithuania Latvia Russia Argentina Venezuela Uruguay

$15,000
Mexico

Chile Malaysia Turkey Costa Rica Brazil Thailand

$10,000

Lebanon Belize

Bulgaria Belarus Romania Kazakhstan South Africa Dominican Republic Iran

Algeria
Ecuador

Colombia

Peru
China GeorgiaTunisia

$5,000

Guyana Egypt Jordan Paraguay El Salvador Bolivia Honduras Philippines Nicaragua Pakistan Guatemala

Bosnia Ukraine Albania Sri Lanka India Vietnam

$0 4% 6% 8% 10% Growth of Real GDP per Capita (PPP-adjusted), CAGR, 2004 to 2008 2 20091130 – EIU (2009), authors calculations Source: Peru.ppt 0% 2% 12% 14%

Copyright 2009 © Professor Michael E. Porter

UnemploymentPerformance
Unemployment Rate, 2008

Selected Countries
Dominican Republic (15.5%) Croatia Algeria Jordan Albania Colombia Turkey South Africa (22.9%) Tunisia

14%

Improving

Deteriorating
Iran Saudi Arabia

12%

10%

Poland (-8.4%) China

8%

6%

4%

Peru Syria Indonesia Egypt Brazil Argentina Uruguay Slovakia Hungary Chile Portugal Bolivia Greece Venezuela EcuadorPhilippines Pakistan India Kazakhstan Slovenia Russia El Salvador Bulgaria Lithuania Ireland Israel T&T Estonia Panama Nicaragua Czech Rep. Paraguay Latvia Sri Lanka Costa Rica Vietnam Romania Mexico Cyprus Honduras Malaysia Korea Ukraine
Latin American countries Other countries Thailand

2%

0% -6%

-5%

-4%

-3%

-2%

-1%

0%

1%

2%

Change of Unemployment Rate in PercentagePoints, 2004 to 2008
Source: EIU (2009)
20091130 – Peru.ppt

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Copyright 2009 © Professor Michael E. Porter

Poverty Rates
% of Population Under the Poverty Line

Peru, 2001 to 2007

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

0% 1997
20091130 – Peru.ppt

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002
4

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Source: Informacion Socio Demografica, from ElInstituto Nacional de Estadistica e Informatica (INEI), 2009
Copyright 2009 © Professor Michael E. Porter

Export Performance
Exports of Goods and Services (% of GDP), 2008
100% 90% 80% 70% 60%
Cambodia Latin American Countries Other countries Ireland Estonia Belarus Malta Czech Republic Thailand Panama Malaysia (103.5%) Slovakia Libya Hungary Vietnam Saudi Arabia Paraguay Lithuania TunisiaAlgeria Chile Macedonia Egypt

Selected Countries

Slovenia Trinidad & Tobago Bulgaria Belize

50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% -15%

Honduras Ukraine (-17.5%) Philippines

Jordan Kazakhstan Cyprus Croatia Costa Rica Latvia Poland Israel
Uruguay Venezuela Russia

Syria Romania Indonesia Sri Lanka El Salvador Iran Greece Argentina Guatemala Albania Colombia Turkey Brazil Pakistan Ethiopia...